Improvement in steam-hammers



' yIIa-1T'anYSTATES? *PATENT OFFICE;

THOMAS HILL, or QUINGY, ILLINOIS, ASsIGNoR oF ONE-HALF ,HIS vRIGHT To PLINY `BLISS WILLIAMS, on SAME PLAGE.

IMPROVEMENT IN sTEAM-HAMMERS.

VSpecification forming part of Letters Patent No. 176,860, dated May 2,1876; application tiled February 15, 1876.

r-Tofall'wkomitV 'mayconcerm y Beit known that 1,'THOMAS HILL, ot

,Thefinvention relatesto animprovementimI 'direct-acting steam-hammers, as more specifi-l v`cally described hereinafter, the object of thel invention being to provide a device for forging l@and analogous purposes, which is driven byi the direct action of steam, and the stroke and velocity of which maybe controlled as de-l Figure 1 is a front elevation of a device em- "bodying 'theelements of the invention.` Fig.

'2 isia central vertical section of same.` Fig.'3 vis aside elevationof same. Fig. 4 is a side. elevation, showing the different positions of thedevices operating the hammer, in dotted 'lines. Figs. 5 and 6 are ,central sections of lthe valves.

A in the accompanying drawings is an anvil,-provided with the two vertical standards c, their ,tops connected bythe brace B, in each end of which, and directly over' the tops ofthe standards, are provided the valve-chambers b, having at theirl top the induction-ports C, and within themthe valves D, having the channel d, the mouths of which connectV with the induction-ports C, and ,also with the in` duction-port E leading into the steam-chambers e, situated midway between the valves. Thus in only one position does the channel d. afford a passage for the steam. These valves are provided with rigidly-attached Stems F, which project outward, and at theJ rproper place are rigidly secured to the upper end of cranklevers f, the lower ends of which are pivoted to the ends of a cross-bar, H, which is connected at its center by an elongated pivot to the-endof the draw-rod I a, the other endY of which is pivoted to the upper"end of governing -lever I, hereinafter mentioned. These valves are so arranged in relation to each other that when one is in the receiving position the other is closed. Thus, when these respective lpositions'of the valves are changed,

the steam in the steam-chamber isretained therein.

The steam-chamber c lis secured, asl aforesaid, in a vertical position midway between the valves, and operates as a cylinder toreceive the head t of the hammer-shaft L, which depends downward through a packed aperture'in the base of thecylinder, and has secured at its lower end'the hammer l, provided on each side withl the guides M, working in Athe guideslots m, in the inner and opposite faces ofthe standards a.

The-upper end of the cylinder is vprovided withA a movable head, N, in the top of which may be provided a cock or other suitable means of affording a vent for the air when too much is compressed above the piston- ,head,retaining Suiicient, however, to forma cushion. l

The base of this head N lits over an annular shoulder, n,'near the top of thecylinder, in a steam-tight manner. Above this shoulder is provided an annular recess, n, having the ports P.- The'top of the cylinder does not.

' expansion ofthe steam, or otherwise, pass one of the ports P, the steam will escape into the annular recess over the'upper edge ofthe cylinder, and afford a cushion Vto resist the ascending stroke of the piston-head.

The governing-lever I isv secured by an elongated pivot near its center to one of the vertical standards a. Above this pivot is secured movably upon the lever I the dog R, arranged to slide. vertically upon the lever, provided with a set-screw, and having its inner face so conformed as to permit the ascent of anything coming in contact with it, substantially as shown. This dog should be of such length that after the stud t has come in contact with it as the hammer ascends, the impact will continue until the hammer is dropped by means of the treadle.

Below the elongated pivot of the governinglever another dog, T, is secured in a manner ,suspending the hammer.

analogous to the one above mentioned, but having its face reversed, so as to oiier no obstacle to the descent of anyobject. This dog should be of such length that after-.thestud t has touched it, as the hammer descends, the

impact will continue until the stud leaves it -as the hammer ascends.

The dogs are placed in such position in relation to'the stud t, projecting from one side 4the adjustable counterpoise fo.' To the angle of the bell-crank lever is pivoted a bar, which depends verticali y, its lower end being secured to the treadle W. l

Operation: The hammer being in its depressed position, the lower dog T is forcedA outward. This operates through the bell- Vcrank and its attachments to elevate the treadle, at the same time causes the valve mechanism to assume such position that while one valve is receiving steam the other valve is closed. The steam being now in the cylinder, below the piston-head on-v the hammer shaft, the hammer rises, its ascent continuing until the stud t comes in contact with the upper dog. This throws the lever outward,

K and it, operating upon the intermediate mechanism, closes both valves, thus retaining the steam in the cylinder below the piston-head i, The treadle now being depressed, the valves are thrown into such position that the one which received the steam is closed and that exhausting'steam opened. Thus the steam is permitted to escape from below the piston-head, allowing the hammer to drop, its descent being accelerated by any steam which may have escaped through the ports P in the upper part ot' the cylinder, and compressed therein. The hamj mer having reached the end of its stroke, the stud t comes in contact with the lower dog, causing a repetition of the operation firstv above described and an instantaneous elevation of the hammer.

the lower dog up or down serves correspoudingly to accelerate or diminish the rapidity of the hammer stroke.

It is also obvious that the operator can drop the hammer' at any point he chooses by simply depressing -the treadle, or arrest its ascent by removing his foot from the treadle. It is also obvious that one valve can be einployed instead ot' two, though the latter is the preferred means. It is likewise truc that the lower dog can be dispensed with, as after the blow is struck it is only necessary to take the foot from the treadle, when the hammer will ascend.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. A steam-hammer provided with a pro-- jecting stud, which, as the hammer descends, strikes against a dog, thereby opening the receiving and closing the exhaust valves, and when the hammer ascends strikes al dog, closing both valves, holding the hammer suspended.

2. The combination ot the exhaust and 'receiving valves, arrangedv in relation to each other, as specified, in combination with the .levers f, cross-bar H, draw-rod h, and lever I,

substantially as specitied.

3. The steam-chamber provided with a movable head, N, annular shoulder a', recess n, and ports P, substantially as set forth.

4. The dog R, in combination with the lever I, draw-rod h, cross-bar H, and levers j", for operating the valves, substantially as specitied.

5. The dog T, in combination with the lever I, draw-rod h, cross-bar H, and levers f, for operating the valve s,' substantially as de` scribed.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing improvement in direct-acting steam-hammers, as above described, I have hereunto set my hand this 31st day of January, 1876.

THOMAS HILL. Witnesses: i.

FRANK W. JoNEs, U. H. KEATH. 

